to the requirements of Rule 23. Nevertheless, Plaintiffs do not brief the Rule 23(a) issues of typicality and commonality here, as they are premature and not a basis for dismissal…

…15 East v. Workers’ Comp. Appeal Bd. (USX Corp./Clairton), 786 A.2d 1044 (Pa. Commw. 2001), rev’d, 828 A.2d 1016 (Pa. 2003) …………………….. 11 East v. Workers’ Comp. Appeal Bd. (USX…

…$2,417,352 Greater Johnstown SBA % 3.31% 7.34% 9.16% 12.60% Wilkes Barre SBA $1,355,313 $3,108,042 $4,007,731 $5,154,573 Wilkes Barre SBA % 5.38% 11.53% 14.38% 17.77% Shenandoah Valley SBA $251,252 $580,973 $685,696…

…Basic Education Funding Formula. http://basiceducationfundingcommission.pasenategop.com/files/2014/08/Basic-Education- Funding-Commission-Final-Report-Factors-Page-2015.pdf Endnotes 17 Pennsylvania Basic Education Funding Commission. (2015). Report and Recommendations. http:// www.education.pa.gov/Documents/About%20PDE/Press/BASIC%20EDUCATION%20FUNDING%20 COMMISSION%20FINAL%20REPORT.pdf. 18 Pennsylvania Department of Education. (2016). 2016-2017 Enacted Summary of…

…Education Funding Commission. (2015). Factors for a New Basic Education Funding Formula. http://basiceducationfundingcommission.pasenategop.com/files/2014/08/Basic-Education- Funding-Commission-Final-Report-Factors-Page-2015.pdf Endnotes 17 Pennsylvania Basic Education Funding Commission. (2015). Report and Recommendations. http:// www.education.pa.gov/Documents/About%20PDE/Press/BASIC%20EDUCATION%20FUNDING%20 COMMISSION%20FINAL%20REPORT.pdf. 18 Pennsylvania…

…Basic Education Funding Formula. http://basiceducationfundingcommission.pasenategop.com/files/2014/08/Basic-Education- Funding-Commission-Final-Report-Factors-Page-2015.pdf Endnotes 17 Pennsylvania Basic Education Funding Commission. (2015). Report and Recommendations. http:// www.education.pa.gov/Documents/About%20PDE/Press/BASIC%20EDUCATION%20FUNDING%20 COMMISSION%20FINAL%20REPORT.pdf. 18 Pennsylvania Department of Education. (2016). 2016-2017 Enacted Summary of…

…programs for students pursuing post-secondary education. www.pheaa.org http://www.elcpa.org/pubs/downloads%202009/SchoolDisciplineinPA11-09.pdf http://www.portal.state.pa.us/portal/server.pt/community/purdon’s_statutes/7503/alternative_education_for_disruptive_youth/507342 http://www.portal.state.pa.us/portal/server.pt/community/purdon’s_statutes/7503/alternative_education_for_disruptive_youth/507342 http://drnpa.org/publications/special-education—discipline https://www.elc-pa.org/resource/pennsylvanias-new-truancy-law/ https://www.elc-pa.org/resource/pennsylvanias-new-truancy-law/ http://www.jlc.org/sites/default/files/topic_related_docs/Transition%20Planning%20for%20Youth%20with%20Disabilities%20-%20A%20Guide%20for%20Professionals%20-%20November%202013.pdf http://www.jlc.org/sites/default/files/topic_related_docs/Transition%20Planning%20for%20Youth%20with%20Disabilities%20-%20A%20Guide%20for%20Professionals%20-%20November%202013.pdf http://www.jlc.org/sites/default/files/topic_related_docs/Transition%20Planning%20for%20Youth%20with%20Disabilities%20-%20A%20Guide%20for%20Professionals%20-%20November%202013.pdf http://www.jobcorps.doleta.gov/ http://www.portal.state.pa.us/portal/server.pt/community/adult_basic_and_literacy_education_(able)/8703 http://www.portal.state.pa.us/portal/server.pt/community/adult_basic_and_literacy_education_(able)/8703 http://www.dli.state.pa.us/portal/server.pt/community/l_i_home/5278 http://www.pheaa.org/ 74 Made possible by the generous support of Impact100…

…listed below. Regional Child Development Offices: • Western Region: 800-222-2149 • North Central – Harrisburg: 800-222-2117 • North Central – Scranton: 800-222-2108 • Southeast Region: 800-346-2929 For all of your…

…of 20 2 I. FACTUAL BACKGROUND AND STATUTORY FRAMEWORK As it is necessary to understand the basis of Plaintiffs’ claims, the relevant portions of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act…

than supporting attendance. Conversely, we know what does work to reduce truancy: clear rules that inform families and are consistently enforced and based on accurate data, and prompt school-based interventions…

…on New National Data on LGBQ/GNCT Youth in the Justice System, 7 LGBTQ Pol’y J. 27 (2017), https://static1.squarespace.com/ static/58ba8c479f7456dff8fb4e29/t/59739d333e00be4843e0263b/ 1500749110120/irvine.canfield.2017.pdf …………………………………………….. 13 xi Sandy E. James et al., Nat’l Ctr….

…http://www.elc-pa.org/Dana%20Baron%20letter.pdf http://www.portal.state.pa.us/portal/server.pt/community/alternative_education_for_distruptive_youth_%28aedy%29/7318 http://www.portal.state.pa.us/portal/server.pt/community/alternative_education_for_distruptive_youth_%28aedy%29/7318 7 has never collected or published any data regarding the academic rigor of AEDY programs or the academic performance of AEDY students once they leave AEDY programs…

…http://www.elc-pa.org/Dana%20Baron%20letter.pdf http://www.portal.state.pa.us/portal/server.pt/community/alternative_education_for_distruptive_youth_%28aedy%29/7318 http://www.portal.state.pa.us/portal/server.pt/community/alternative_education_for_distruptive_youth_%28aedy%29/7318 7 has never collected or published any data regarding the academic rigor of AEDY programs or the academic performance of AEDY students once they leave AEDY programs…

…Vocational Outcomes for Incarcerated Youth, 8-11 (2015), https://csgjusticecenter.org/wp- content/uploads/2015/11/LOCKED_OUT_Improving_Educational_and_Vocational_Outcomes_for_Incarcerated_Y outh.pdf. 10 Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, Youth’s Characteristics and Backgrounds, Juvenile Justice Bulletin, 2 (December 2010), https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/ojjdp/227730.pdf. http://www.southerneducation.org/getattachment/cf39e156-5992-4050-bd03-fb34cc5bf7e3/Just-Learning.aspx…

…subgroup is subjected to overuse. Therefore, a regulatory definition should clarify that “reducing overuse” includes identification and reduction of the disproportionate use of any disciplinary practice that disrupts student learning,…

…form a belief as to the truth of the allegations contained in this paragraph. Such allegations are therefore deemed denied and strict proof is demanded at trial. 80. Speaker Turzai…

…(2015), http://nepc.colorado.edu/files/pb_rumberger-student-mobility.pdf; Urban Institute, The Negative Effects of Instability on Child Development (2013), https://www.urban.org/sites/default/files/publication/32721/412908-The-Negative- Effects-of-Instability-on-Child-Development-Fact-Sheet.pdf; Russell Rumberger et Ý¿­»æ ïéóîèèê ܱ½«³»²¬æ ððíïïîèêíêðï п¹»æ ïê Ü¿¬» Ú·´»¼æ ðîñîèñîðïè 8 Under the…

“take appropriate action to overcome language barriers that impede equal participation by its students in instructional programs.”1 20 U.S.C. § 1703(f). The named plaintiffs are all refugees, ages 17-20, who…